The
Bitmap or .bmp image file format is the Microsoft Windows
image file format. Bitmap files are sometimes also
saved as .dib files, or 'Device Independent Bitmap'
files. The 'Device Independent' part of the name doesn't
refer to alternative platforms, but rather the screen
display itself - the same colours should be rendered
regardless of the technical method of screen rendering
employed by the display.
Bitmaps are structured in four parts
- the bitmap file header (the type and size of the
bitmap file), the bitmap information header (the colour
format, compression if used and the file dimensions),
the bitmap colour table (which contains details of all
the colours present in the bitmap), and the bitmap document
array, which contains the actual bits of the bitmap
image in a consecutive line-by-line pixel array. This
line-by-line image structure is similar
to the way a scanner builds an image, and is called
'scan lines' of image data.
Bitmaps can be saved in four different
bit depths: 1-bit (monochrome), 4-bit (16 colours),
8-bit (256 colours) and 24-bit (16 million colours).
Even in 24-bit colour, the colours are restricted to
RGB combinations (similar to a television screen),
which makes printing from bitmaps not appropriate as
prepress requires CMYK colour separations.
ViewONE and ViewONE Pro are both capable
of viewing bitmap .BMP files as standard.
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